Pipp
Well-Known Member
[align=left]Also See:
Infections
Pasteurella
Runny Nose
Snuffles[/align]
What Is It? : About Respiratory Infections
[align=left]Upper Respiratory Tract Infections can mean runny nose, runny eyes, sneezing and laboured breathing. If a bunnyis breathing through it's mouth, it's very ill and must get emergency medical treatment.Whilea human coldis caused by a virus, rabbit upper respiratory infections are caused by bacteria. The condition is commonly called "snuffles," which is a generic term covering these symptoms, not a disease itself.[/align]Allergies, tooth root issues and other diseasescan also cause these symptoms.
[align=left]
[/align][align=left]Recommended Articles: [/align]From Dana Krempels, Ph.D.
[align=left]http://www.bio.miami.edu/hare/sneezing.html
Rabbits can suffer from infections of the upper respiratory tract (the sinuses and other parts of the tract that are not actually parts of the lungs), and this is usually manifested as runny nose, runny eyes and sneezing. Unlike a human cold, which is caused by a virus, rabbit upper respiratory infections are caused by bacteria. The condition is commonly called "snuffles.""Snuffles" is a non-specific, "catch-all" term used to describe such symptoms without naming the specific cause.. Until fairly recently, many veterinarians believed that "snuffles" was almost always caused by the bacterial pathogen Pasteurella multocida, commonly found in rabbits (though often without causing any problematic symptoms at all). More recent information suggests that many different species of bacteria can cause "snuffles." Some of the bacteria most commonly cultured from rabbit nasal discharge include Pseudomonasaeruginosa, Bordetella bronchiseptica, and Staphylococcusaureus, though there are many others.
Because bacterial species (and their different strains) have characteristic sensitivity and resistance to various antibiotics, it is worth your investment to allow your veterinarian to positively identify the pathogen (i.e., disease-causing agent) your bunny has. The best way is via a CULTURE AND SENSITIVITY test. This laboratory test is the only way to determine (1) the species of bacteria causing the infection and (2) which rabbit-safe antibiotics will be most effective at killing them.[/align][align=left]
[/align][align=left]Veterinary Info:
[/align][align=left]MediRabbit: Upper Respiratory Tract Disease in Rabbit
http://www.medirabbit.com/EN/Respiratory/Bacterial/URI.pdf
[/align][align=left] [/align]
Rabbit Respiratory Disease (Heidi L. Hoefer, DVM, Dipl ABVP, Long Island Veterinary Specialists, Atlantic Veterinary Conference 2001)
http://www.vin.com/VINDBPub/SearchPB/Proceedings/PR05000/PR00294.htm(Heidi L. Hoefer, DVM, Dipl ABVP)
[align=left]Articles and Links
[/align][align=left]Listings in Rabbit References: Respiratory Problems
http://homepage.mac.com/mattocks/morfz/rabrefs.html#resp
Listings in Rabbit References: Bacteria
http://homepage.mac.com/mattocks/morfz/rabrefs.html#bacteria
Culture and Sensitivity Testing For Bacterial Infections
http://www.ontariorabbits.org/health/healthinfo11.html
Upper Respiratory Tract Disease in Rabbits
http://www.medirabbit.com/EN/Respiratory/Bacterial/URI.pdf
Differential Diagnosis for Respiratory Failure
http://www.medirabbit.com/EN/Respiratory/Differential/respira_diff.htm
Ammonia Intoxication in Rabbits
http://www.medirabbit.com/EN/Respiratory/Toxic/ammonia_intox.pdf
Dyspnoea (Labored Breathing) in Rabbits
http://www.vetsforum.co.uk/article_dyspnoea_rabbit.htm
(Broken Link)[/align][align=left] "Snuffles" in Rabbits
http://www.provet.co.uk/Petfacts/healthtips/snuffles.htm
Snuffles- the Facts
http://www.vetsforum.co.uk/lapis_snuffles.htm
[/align][align=left](broken link)[/align][align=left] Respiratory Disease
http://www.isabellevets.co.uk/health_advice/rabbit/info/resprabbit.htm
[/align][align=left](broken link)
Nebulizing Rabbits
http://homepage.mac.com/mattocks/morfz/nebulization.html
Nebulizing Bunnies
http://www.ontariorabbits.org/health/healthinfo14.html
Second Hand Smoke and Pets
http://www.thelinksroadanimalclinic.com/index.php?view=pageView&docid=100049347[/align][align=left]Rabbit Respiratory Disease
http://www.vin.com/VINDBPub/SearchPB/Proceedings/PR05000/PR00294.htm
Pasteurella Multocida Infection in Rabbits
http://www.rabbit.org/care/pasteurella.html
RO Threads
Not Again!!!)=
Pasteurella
Pseudo-snuffles!
Poor Nibbles!
He's Sneezing?
[/align]
Infections
Pasteurella
Runny Nose
Snuffles[/align]
What Is It? : About Respiratory Infections
[align=left]Upper Respiratory Tract Infections can mean runny nose, runny eyes, sneezing and laboured breathing. If a bunnyis breathing through it's mouth, it's very ill and must get emergency medical treatment.Whilea human coldis caused by a virus, rabbit upper respiratory infections are caused by bacteria. The condition is commonly called "snuffles," which is a generic term covering these symptoms, not a disease itself.[/align]Allergies, tooth root issues and other diseasescan also cause these symptoms.
[align=left]
[/align][align=left]Recommended Articles: [/align]From Dana Krempels, Ph.D.
[align=left]http://www.bio.miami.edu/hare/sneezing.html
Rabbits can suffer from infections of the upper respiratory tract (the sinuses and other parts of the tract that are not actually parts of the lungs), and this is usually manifested as runny nose, runny eyes and sneezing. Unlike a human cold, which is caused by a virus, rabbit upper respiratory infections are caused by bacteria. The condition is commonly called "snuffles.""Snuffles" is a non-specific, "catch-all" term used to describe such symptoms without naming the specific cause.. Until fairly recently, many veterinarians believed that "snuffles" was almost always caused by the bacterial pathogen Pasteurella multocida, commonly found in rabbits (though often without causing any problematic symptoms at all). More recent information suggests that many different species of bacteria can cause "snuffles." Some of the bacteria most commonly cultured from rabbit nasal discharge include Pseudomonasaeruginosa, Bordetella bronchiseptica, and Staphylococcusaureus, though there are many others.
Because bacterial species (and their different strains) have characteristic sensitivity and resistance to various antibiotics, it is worth your investment to allow your veterinarian to positively identify the pathogen (i.e., disease-causing agent) your bunny has. The best way is via a CULTURE AND SENSITIVITY test. This laboratory test is the only way to determine (1) the species of bacteria causing the infection and (2) which rabbit-safe antibiotics will be most effective at killing them.[/align][align=left]
[/align][align=left]Veterinary Info:
[/align][align=left]MediRabbit: Upper Respiratory Tract Disease in Rabbit
http://www.medirabbit.com/EN/Respiratory/Bacterial/URI.pdf
[/align][align=left] [/align]
Rabbit Respiratory Disease (Heidi L. Hoefer, DVM, Dipl ABVP, Long Island Veterinary Specialists, Atlantic Veterinary Conference 2001)
http://www.vin.com/VINDBPub/SearchPB/Proceedings/PR05000/PR00294.htm(Heidi L. Hoefer, DVM, Dipl ABVP)
[align=left]Articles and Links
[/align][align=left]Listings in Rabbit References: Respiratory Problems
http://homepage.mac.com/mattocks/morfz/rabrefs.html#resp
Listings in Rabbit References: Bacteria
http://homepage.mac.com/mattocks/morfz/rabrefs.html#bacteria
Culture and Sensitivity Testing For Bacterial Infections
http://www.ontariorabbits.org/health/healthinfo11.html
Upper Respiratory Tract Disease in Rabbits
http://www.medirabbit.com/EN/Respiratory/Bacterial/URI.pdf
Differential Diagnosis for Respiratory Failure
http://www.medirabbit.com/EN/Respiratory/Differential/respira_diff.htm
Ammonia Intoxication in Rabbits
http://www.medirabbit.com/EN/Respiratory/Toxic/ammonia_intox.pdf
Dyspnoea (Labored Breathing) in Rabbits
http://www.vetsforum.co.uk/article_dyspnoea_rabbit.htm
(Broken Link)[/align][align=left] "Snuffles" in Rabbits
http://www.provet.co.uk/Petfacts/healthtips/snuffles.htm
Snuffles- the Facts
http://www.vetsforum.co.uk/lapis_snuffles.htm
[/align][align=left](broken link)[/align][align=left] Respiratory Disease
http://www.isabellevets.co.uk/health_advice/rabbit/info/resprabbit.htm
[/align][align=left](broken link)
Nebulizing Rabbits
http://homepage.mac.com/mattocks/morfz/nebulization.html
Nebulizing Bunnies
http://www.ontariorabbits.org/health/healthinfo14.html
Second Hand Smoke and Pets
http://www.thelinksroadanimalclinic.com/index.php?view=pageView&docid=100049347[/align][align=left]Rabbit Respiratory Disease
http://www.vin.com/VINDBPub/SearchPB/Proceedings/PR05000/PR00294.htm
Pasteurella Multocida Infection in Rabbits
http://www.rabbit.org/care/pasteurella.html
RO Threads
Not Again!!!)=
Pasteurella
Pseudo-snuffles!
Poor Nibbles!
He's Sneezing?
[/align]